Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) represents a prototype of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. It is characterized by inflammation and damage of various tissues, including the joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and brain.
The etiology is multigenetic, hormonal (with a female prevalence) and environmental. It has been estimated that its average prevalence in France corresponds to 75 cases per 100,000 persons (currently 50,000 patients in France and 1.4 million individuals in the US). In its worst form, lupus can be fatal : 10% of patients die from kidney disease, cardiovascular disease or infections.
In France, in 2010, the SLE affected around 50 people out of 100 000 inhabitants and we evaluated the number of affected patients between 20 000 and 50 000. Some populations are more susceptible of being affected by the disease, which rarely occurs before the age of 5.
There is no specific treatment for the SLE at the moment. Some drugs, namely immunosuppressors and anti-inflammatories are usually used to ease the pain and reduce the symptoms. Nevertheless, it should be noted that, nowadays, some new therapeutic paths are suggested. These new approaches are more specific and generate less side-effects. Let's venture that they will considerably enhance the patients life quality.
Doctors, researchers, patients' associations and patients, this day is for you !
Sylviane Muller & Jean Sibilia - février 2015
